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Altenatọr kamar Sistemin da ke Tsaya Amsa Na Energy
Altenatọr na mota yana tsaya amsa energy na mechanical daga engine zuwa energy na electrical don battery da sistem na mota. Tsaya amsa ba ta gaskiya ba — altenatọr mai yawa yana aiki da ƙarfi na 50 zuwa 60 percent, wani ne ya nufi kamar ƙarfin da aka saba daidai yana zama heat. Fihimtar wadanda suka iya gyara efficiency na charging yana taimaka wajen fahimtar masalaci daidai kuma kuskuren altenatọr mai aiki.
Belt Drive da Rotational Speed
Pulley na altenatọr yana kuskure da 2.5 zuwa 3 kalmomi da engine RPM. A 700 RPM idle, altenatọr yana kuskure da kamar 1,750 zuwa 2,100 RPM. Altenatọr suna baiwa karami karami a cikin 1,500 alternator RPM — kamar 500 zuwa 600 engine RPM — wani ne ya nufi altenatọr na mota a idle da loads na electrical mai ƙarfi zai iya kuskure a net discharge.
Kwallon alternator mai ƙarfi ko mai karami yana gudunawa da farko na tsawo a cikin raba na pulley. Kwallon alternator ya dace da 5% yana canza farko na tsawo na alternator a cikin kurba na tsawo. Mota na voltage yana taimaka ta zama mai yawa da kuma yana saita da farko na tsawo, amma wannan yana saita da farko na tsawo da yawa da kuma yana gudunawa da tsawo.
Tsawo da Tsawo na Gwamnati
Tsawo na alternator yana gudunawa lokacin da tsawo yana ƙara. Kullumai na copper suna kara tsawo na elektriki da 0.4% kamar kullumai na degree Celsius — kada tsawo daga 25°C zuwa 85°C yana kara tsawo na kuluma da 24%, wanda yana saita da karamin tsawo na elektriki. Alternator a cikin engine bay da yawa da 40°C yana gudunawa da 5 zuwa 10% tsawo a cikin tsawo na alamar.
Diodes na rectifier suna da voltage drop na forward ta tsaki 0.7 zuwa 1.1 volts — don hakan kuma ampere na output, 0.7 zuwa 1.1 watts ana gba shi a matsayin heat na diode, wanda ke nufin 10 zuwa 15 percent na kowane loss na alternator. Rectification na synchronous mai amfani da MOSFET a cikin alternators na high-efficiency yana zama ƙarancin loss din da 70 percent.
Kamarin na electrical load
Battery State of Charge
Battery mai daga cikin karamin charge tana nuna load na low-resistance, wanda ya ci high initial charging current. Voltage regulator na car alternator ya yi aiki ta yadda ya sanya field current don samun 14.2 zuwa 14.8 volts na output. Efficiency na charging tana ƙasa a lokacin farko na 15 zuwa 20 minutes bayan deep discharge. Battery mai damage na interior cell ko sulfation ba za ta samu full voltage ba, wanda ke kare alternator a continuous high-output mode wanda ke ƙarci karin wear.
Voltage Drop a cikin Charging Circuit
Tarihi na kariya yana da ƙararrun ƙallosi — shakkin kariya na alternator, fuse mai tsoro, shakkin kariya na bateri, da tarihin gudun kuma a cikin engine block. Kariya ta hanyar kuma ta zama 0.3 zuwa 0.5 volts ya sa alternator ya shiga ayyukan kariya mai ƙarfi, wanda ya ƙara loss na dukkanin kariya da 3 zuwa 5 percent.
Misa na amfani: Tattaunawa na kuzari na alternator na karama
Shugaban karama ce da ƙarshen karama da suka yi amincewa da 120 van na karama suna da kuzari na alternator a 50,000 zuwa 70,000 miles — wanda shine kamar uku da kuzari na karama na karama. Amsa na kuzari sun nuna cewa alternators sun yi ayyukan su a matsayin kuzari.
Amsa na kuzari ta nuna biyu na abubuwan da suka haifar da kuzari. Idling mai ƙarfi a lokacin karama na karama da air conditioning ya haifar da kuzari na airflow na kariya a cikin alternator. Amsa na bateri ta nuna cewa 30 percent na baterisun ya yi ayyukan su a ƙasa da 80 percent na kuzari, wanda suka haifar da kariya mai ƙarfi a lokacin kuzari.
Kwallon ya sanya amfani da kuma saitaccen bateri a matsayin gaba, ya taka yadda yadda na kwallon 100 RPM don fahimtar yadda yadda, kuma ya zauna kuma saitaccen alternator na kwallon daga Sakes Auto Parts wanda suka yi amfanin su da kuma saitaccen yadda yadda na kwallon. Yadda yadda na alternator ya tsere zuwa ƙarfin 100,000 miles wanda aka shirya a cikin 18 kallu.
Wayar Gano Kudin Bayanai
A gaba daya da saitaccen alternator na kwallon, ku duba halin belt, ku tabbata yadda yadda na kuma saitaccen a karamar battery lokacin da engine ya ke aiki, kuma ku yi test na yadda yadda a tsaki na alternator da karamar battery. Belt mai halin da yadda yadda ta tsaki akwai ƙananan 0.3 volts kuma yadda yadda na kuma saitaccen 13.8 zuwa 14.2 volts a karamar battery yana nufin cewa alternator da kuma circuit suna aiki — halin battery ko yadda yadda na kuma saitaccen mai yawa ne wanda zai iya haɗa da muhimmanci. Belt mai yanka, kuma saitaccen mai yanka, ko fusible link mai yanka zai dauki kadan kudi don saita kuma saitaccen alternator kuma zai iya haɗa da muhimmanci a cikin kowace diagnosis na charging system.
Masu Sabon Gaskiya
Yadda yadda na kuma saitaccen kwallon shine yadda yadda?
Kullum kamarin na kudin gari ya zama 50 zuwa 60% na yin aiki. Kullum kamarin na kudin gari mai kyau da sauraro na MOSFET za su iya samun 70 zuwa 75% na yin aiki.
Yaya ne kullum kamarin na kudin gari ya sanya wani abu mafi kyau a lokacin da ya taka?
Kullum kamarin na kudin gari ya sanya wani abu yana da alaƙa da shi da tsawo na yin aiki. A cikin ƙarshen 1,500 RPM na kullum kamarin na kudin gari, yin aiki ya dace da yawa. Yadda ya dace da yawa a lokacin da ya taka za ta iya haɗa da kuskuren bateri a matsayin da ya dace da yawa kuma kullum kamarin na kudin gari ya dace da yawa.
Yaya ne kullum kamarin na kudin gari ya ci gaba da yin aiki?
Yin aiki da yawa a lokacin da ya dace da yawa, hanyar da ke cikin rukuni, yin aiki da yawa a cikin bayi na injin, da bateri mai ƙarfi da ke sanya yin aiki da yawa. Yadda ya dace da yawa a cikin 90°C za ta iya haɗa da kuskuren kuskure na kushe.
Yaya ne halin bateri ta fahimta da kuskuren kullum kamarin na kudin gari?
Bateri mai ƙarfi ta hana kullum kamarin na kudin gari da yin aiki da yawa a lokacin da ya dace da yawa, ta ƙara yin aiki da yawa da kuskure. Tabbatar da bateri ya kamata ya haɗa da kullum kamarin na kudin gari. Sakes Auto Parts ta sanya kullum kamarin na kudin gari da wasu abubuwan da suka haɗa da yin aiki na bateri.
Shin kuma taƙa na alternator zai iya nufin ƙananan voltage na charge?
Kuma taƙa ta fuskanci 5 percent zai iya gyara RPM na alternator don hanyar da ke nufin gyara output. Hali na kuma taƙa shi ne abin da ya kamata a duba a farko wajen tattaunawa na charging system.
Yaya karamin voltage a cikin charging circuit zai iya gyara performance na alternator?
Karamin voltage na 0.3 zuwa 0.5 volts zai iya sao alternator ya shiga a cikin yadda mafi ƙarfi na voltage don ba da battery target charging voltage, wanda zai iya gyara internal losses na 3 zuwa 5 percent. Gargajiya da kariya dukkan connections daga alternator zuwa battery shi ne abin da ya kamata a garga su a matsayin routine maintenance, lallai a climate wanda road salt zai iya gyara corrosion a dukkan points na connection.